To speak about disasters in the world, you need to know the appropriate vocabulary.
 
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Flood - become covered in water;

Raging flood - flood with great force or violence;

Drought - a long period when there is no rain and people do not have enough water;

Decades of drought - a period of ten years when there is no rain and people do not have enough water;

Tornado - an extremely strong and dangerous wind that blows in a circle and destroys buildings as it moves along;

To predict - to say what you think will happen in the future;

Tsunami - an extremely large wave caused by a violent movement of the earth under the sea;
  
Earthquake - a sudden violent movement of the earth's surface, sometimes causing great damage;

Devastating - causing a lot of damage or destruction;

Hurricane - a violent wind that has a circular movement, especially in the West Atlantic Ocean;

Eye of a hurricane - the centre of a violent wind that has a circular movement;

Landslide - a mass of rock and earth moving suddenly and quickly down a steep slope;

Trigger - an event or situation, etc. that causes something bad to start;

Volcanic eruption - when a volcano erupts, it explodes and flames and rocks come out of it;

Heat wave - a period of days during which the weather is much hotter than usual;

Avalanche - a large amount of ice, snow, and rock falling quickly down the side of a mountain. 
 
Examples:

The town was flooded when the river burst its banks.

A severe drought ruined the crops.

In 1906 an earthquake destroyed much of San Francisco.

The drought has had devastating consequences/effects.